Of course, geopolitical realities rarely afford such simplicities. This Westphalian world of neatly-drawn borders leaves “no space between or around the states once the entire world is in sovereignty’s orbit” (Agnew, 2009: 79). Sovereignty becomes inextricably linked to territory itself once a doctrine of non-interference has been established among adjacent states. In a world in which relations between states dominate geopolitical discourse, questions of the extent of territorial sovereignty become rather uncomplicated. Even as states unilaterally increase their military presence, they are forging multilateral agreements to promote security and resource development at local and regional scales. The benefits to society conferred by infrastructural power are a powerful incentive for long-term cooperation among Arctic states. These collaborations work to address an imbalance between despotic and infrastructural power in the Arctic, manifest in a rise in post-Cold War militarization and nationalist rhetoric. I invoke the term ‘collaborative infrastructures’ to describe a new paradigm of state and private collaboration within which Arctic actors are pursuing mutual economic and environmental interests. Contrary to recent media tropes signaling an impending Arctic ‘Great Game’ for resources, many oil and gas deposits are providing the impetus for international cooperation constituted through development and implementation of shared infrastructure.
However, existing international frameworks for resolving maritime border disputes (UNCLOS) and emerging opportunities for collaborative resource development indicate that cooperation is more likely to occur than conflict among Arctic states in the coming decades. Militarization has been increasing in the Arctic despite the existence of multilateral region-building institutions, such as the Arctic Council. The prospect of increased access to resources has informed scenarios depicting the region’s future as a theater of geopolitical aggression.
Star realms frontiers collaborative pdf#
Full article is available as PDF attachment at the end of this pageĬlimate change has spurred global interest in the Arctic as an arena of new potential for petroleum and mineral exploration. Collaborative Infrastructures: A Roadmap for International Cooperation in the Arctic
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